On March 15, 1917, Nicholas II boarded a train as the Emperor of All Russia and stepped off as a private citizen. This video walks through the 24 hours that ended a thousand-year dynasty, from the generals' betrayal to the pencil that signed it away. Chapters: 00:00 The Last Day 00:12 The Morning 00:24 The Tsar's Morning 00:36 The Calm Before 00:48 Petrograd Erupts 01:00 The Tsar Is Away 01:12 The Capital Is Lost 01:24 The Generals Turn 01:36 The Flood of Telegrams 01:48 The Army Chooses 02:00 The Pencil 02:12 Improvised Abdication 02:24 The Signature 02:36 The Diary Entry 02:48 The Betrayal 03:00 House Arrest 03:12 The House of Special Purpose 03:24 The Final Night 03:36 The Unthinkable 03:48 The Other Abdication 04:00 The Provisional Government 04:12 The March of Time 04:24 The Long Road East 04:36 The Whisper of Fate 04:48 The World Watches 05:00 The Bloody Aftermath 05:12 The Echo of the Pencil 05:24 Power Can Vanish Sources & further reading: ⢠State Archive of the Russian Federation ā Holds the original abdication manifesto and Nicholas II's diary. ⢠Memoirs of General Ruzsky ā First-hand account of the events at Pskov station, including the pencil detail. ⢠Encyclopaedia Britannica ā Provides an overview of the February Revolution and the abdication. ⢠The Romanovs: 1613ā1918 by Simon Sebag Montefiore ā A comprehensive history of the dynasty, including the abdication. ⢠Nicholas II: The Last of the Tsars by Marc Ferro ā Biographical account of Nicholas's reign and abdication. ⢠The Russian Revolution by Sheila Fitzpatrick ā Academic overview of the revolutionary period.





